{"id":8441,"date":"2021-09-05T10:59:38","date_gmt":"2021-09-05T10:59:38","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/comifac.org\/le-bassin-du-congo-coeur-vert-d-afrique-dernier-rempart-de-l-humanite\/"},"modified":"2021-09-05T10:59:38","modified_gmt":"2021-09-05T10:59:38","slug":"le-bassin-du-congo-coeur-vert-d-afrique-dernier-rempart-de-l-humanite","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/comifac.org\/?p=8441","title":{"rendered":"Le bassin du Congo, coeur vert d’Afrique dernier rempart de l’humanit\u00e9"},"content":{"rendered":"

D<\/span><\/span>epuis <\/span>quelque<\/span><\/span>s <\/span>ann\u00e9es <\/span>maintenant, <\/span><\/span>l\u2019avenir de la plan\u00e8te se joue au c\u0153ur <\/span><\/span>de l\u2019Afrique. Le Bassin du Congo, mas<\/span><\/span>sif \u00e9coforestier de pr\u00e8s de <\/span><\/span>530 millions<\/span><\/span> d\u2019hec<\/span><\/span>tares r\u00e9partis sur six Etats de l\u2019Afrique centrale <\/span><\/span>(Cameroun 11%, R\u00e9publique centrafricaine 3,4 <\/span><\/span>%, R\u00e9publique d\u00e9mocratique du Congo 54,2%, <\/span><\/span>R\u00e9publique du Congo 12, 4%, Guin\u00e9e Equato<\/span><\/span>riale 1,3%, Gabon 17, 7 %), deuxi\u00e8me massif <\/span><\/span>forestier mondial derri\u00e8re l\u2019Amazonie, est en <\/span><\/span>effet devenu le premier puits carbone tropicale <\/span><\/span>du monde, devant l\u2019Amazonie (qui a perdu 46 <\/span><\/span>\u00e0 52% de sa capacit\u00e9 d\u2019absorption du fait des <\/span><\/span>\u00e9manations de phospore). Ses \u00e9cosyst\u00e8mes fo<\/span><\/span>–<\/span><\/span>restiers et zones humides absorbent en effet pr\u00e8s <\/span><\/span>de 80 milliards de tonnes de carbone (dont <\/span><\/span>30 milliards captur\u00e9s par ses tourbi\u00e8res), soit <\/span><\/span>l\u2019\u00e9quivalent de pr\u00e8s de dix ann\u00e9es du total des <\/span><\/span>\u00e9missions mondiales et 17 % de la production <\/span><\/span>carbone mondiale.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

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L\u2019Afrique centrale et le Bassin du Congo peuvent <\/span><\/span>donc, \u00e0 juste titre, \u00eatre qualifi\u00e9s de principal <\/span><\/span>poumon vert de la plan\u00e8te. Une dimension ren<\/span><\/span>–<\/span><\/span>forc\u00e9e par les caract\u00e9ristiques et la constitution <\/span><\/span>m\u00eame de ce bassin \u00e9cologique, dont la riche <\/span><\/span>biodiversit\u00e9 constitue \u00e0 la fois un enjeu \u00e9colo<\/span><\/span>–<\/span><\/span>gique mondial et un enjeu \u00e9conomique sous-r\u00e9<\/span><\/span>–<\/span><\/span>gional.<\/span><\/span>On y trouve plus de 10.000 esp\u00e8ces de plantes <\/span><\/span>tropicales, dont 30% sont uniques \u00e0 cette partie <\/span><\/span>du monde, diss\u00e9min\u00e9s \u00e0 travers une mosa\u00efque <\/span><\/span>florale des plus vari\u00e9es, entre for\u00eats, savanes, <\/span><\/span>mar\u00e9cages, for\u00eats inond\u00e9es, rivi\u00e8res, zones hu<\/span><\/span>mides. La faune est tout aussi riche et pr\u00e9cieuse. <\/span><\/span>Plus de 400 esp\u00e8ces de mammif\u00e8res, 1300 <\/span><\/span>d\u2019oiseaux, 336 vari\u00e9t\u00e9s d\u2019amphibiens, 400 de <\/span><\/span>reptiles et 700 de poissons vivent dans ce vaste <\/span><\/span>espace naturel. <\/span><\/span>Au plan \u00e9conomique, on estime \u00e0 pr\u00e8s de 100 <\/span><\/span>millions, le nombre de personnes vivant autour <\/span><\/span>et gr\u00e2ce au Bassin du Congo \u00e0 travers les biens <\/span><\/span>et services qu\u2019il leur procure.<\/span><\/span>L\u2019activit\u00e9 <\/span>\u00e9conomique <\/span>autour <\/span>du <\/span>Bassin <\/span>du <\/span><\/span>Congo est aussi l\u2019une des premi\u00e8res menaces <\/span><\/span>qui p\u00e8se sur son \u00e9cosyst\u00e8me. <\/span><\/span>– D\u00e9forestation, la cote d\u2019alerte : Plus de 16, 6 <\/span><\/span>millions d\u2019hectares de for\u00eat ont \u00e9t\u00e9 d\u00e9truits entre <\/span><\/span>2000 et 2014, essentiellement du fait de l\u2019action <\/span><\/span>de petits exploitants (84%). Avec une moyenne <\/span><\/span>annuelle de 250.000 hectares par pays de des<\/span><\/span>–<\/span><\/span>truction foresti\u00e8re, les for\u00eats naturelles pourraient <\/span><\/span>compl\u00e8tement dispara\u00eetre dans certaines zones <\/span><\/span>du Bassin du Congo d\u2019ici 2100.<\/span><\/span>
– Changements climatiques et d\u00e9sertification : <\/span><\/span>
La subsistance de pr\u00e8s de 80% des populations <\/span><\/span>autour du Bassin qui vivent essentiellement de <\/span><\/span>l\u2019agriculture, de la p\u00eache et de l\u2019\u00e9levage, est <\/span><\/span>directement menac\u00e9e par les effets du change<\/span><\/span>–<\/span><\/span>ment climatique. Ce dernier est provoqu\u00e9 par <\/span><\/span>l\u2019activit\u00e9 humaine \u00e0 travers (transhumances et <\/span><\/span>\u00e9levages itin\u00e9rants, feux de for\u00eat industrie agro-<\/span><\/span>extractive). <\/span><\/span>– Braconnage et criminalit\u00e9 environnementale: <\/span><\/span>outre le commerce de la viande de brousse <\/span><\/span>qui constitue la principale cause d\u2019extinction <\/span><\/span>des esp\u00e8ces fauniques sauvages, la mont\u00e9e en <\/span><\/span>puissance du braconnage de bandes arm\u00e9es et <\/span><\/span>organis\u00e9es, a contribu\u00e9 pour sa part \u00e0 consid\u00e9<\/span><\/span>–<\/span><\/span>rablement diminuer les populations d\u2019esp\u00e8ces <\/span><\/span>prot\u00e9g\u00e9es<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

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Pour d’amples informations bien vouloir t\u00e9l\u00e9charger le dossier de presse<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Depuis quelques ann\u00e9es maintenant, l\u2019avenir de la plan\u00e8te se joue au c\u0153ur de l\u2019Afrique. Le Bassin du…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":8440,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"give_campaign_id":0,"rs_blank_template":"","rs_page_bg_color":"","slide_template_v7":"","_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[117],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-8441","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-actualites"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/comifac.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/finance_climatique_1.jpg","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/comifac.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8441","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/comifac.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/comifac.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/comifac.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/comifac.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=8441"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/comifac.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8441\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/comifac.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/8440"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/comifac.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=8441"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/comifac.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=8441"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/comifac.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=8441"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}